Concerns have erupted over new guidance from the National Health Service (NHS) that encourages midwives to support cousin marriage. This recommendation suggests that fears regarding the health risks associated with such unions are overstated, asserting that “85 to 90 per cent of cousin couples do not have affected children.” In contrast, the national average for unaffected children stands at approximately 98 per cent.
The guidance, which was revealed by *The Mail on Sunday*, acknowledges the existence of some risks linked to marriages between close relatives but argues these should be weighed against perceived benefits. The document suggests that cousin marriages, which are prevalent in certain communities, particularly within the Pakistani population, can yield “economic benefits” and enhance “emotional and social connections.”
As part of the NHS England’s Maternity Transformation Programme, the guidance states that discouraging cousin marriage is “inappropriate” and would lead to “alienating and ineffective” outcomes. It further claims that concerns about the increased risk of congenital diseases are often exaggerated, stating that “the increased risk of genetic conditions among the offspring of close relative couples has often been exaggerated… leading to individuals feeling shamed and blamed.”
Criticism and Public Response
The NHS’s stance has drawn sharp criticism from various quarters. Richard Holden, a Conservative Member of Parliament advocating for a ban on cousin marriage, voiced his disapproval, stating, “There are no benefits to marriage between first cousins, only massive downsides for health, welfare, individual rights, and the cohesiveness of our society.” Holden’s comments highlight a broader concern regarding the implications of cousin marriages on public health and societal integration.
Academic voices have also weighed in. Patrick Nash, a professor at Oxford and director of the Pharos Foundation research institute, compared the guidance to endorsing harmful practices during pregnancy. He remarked, “This is on a par with recommending alcohol and smoking during pregnancy for their calming effects while brushing over the absolutely horrendous consequences for mother and child.”
Similarly, Michael Muthukrishna, a professor of Economic Psychology at the London School of Economics, emphasized the societal isolation that can result from such practices, stating, “When marriage is restricted to family members, communities become more isolated, limiting social integration.”
Health Implications and Statistics
The implications of cousin marriage on public health are significant. Previous reports indicate that areas in the UK with high rates of cousin marriage are more likely to have children with congenital defects. For instance, the *Daily Mail* reported that more than two children per week in England die due to complications related to closely related parents. Additionally, data shows that up to 20 per cent of children treated for congenital issues in cities like Glasgow and Birmingham are of Pakistani descent, in contrast to just 4 per cent in the wider population. The financial burden on the NHS from treating these conditions is substantial.
An NHS spokesperson clarified the organization’s position, stating, “The NHS absolutely recognises the genetic risks of consanguineous relationships, and where people consider entering into them, we offer referral to genetics services so individuals understand the risks and can make informed decisions.”
The ongoing debate surrounding cousin marriage reflects broader societal tensions regarding cultural practices and public health, raising questions about the balance between respecting cultural traditions and safeguarding community health. As the conversation evolves, it remains to be seen how these issues will affect policies and practices within the NHS and beyond.
